ПУБЛІЧНЕ АДМІНІСТРУВАННЯ СУДЕН У ПОРТАХ. МІЖНАРОДНИЙ АСПЕКТ

Abstract

Surilova A. Public administration of ships at ports. International aspect Issues related to the functioning of seaports are stressful for Ukrainian researchers and ordinary citizens. For example, we receive news that cargo handling has critically decreased, port infrastructure is in a state of disrepair, port workers do not receive salaries, etc. Therefore, ports have a special place in the lens of modern legal research. That is why the law is primarily designed to address these issues by creating a secure legal and economic space with transparent rules for the business that will develop ports in Ukraine. However, it is impossible to imagine ports without sea transport. That is why, given the above, as well as taking into account Ukraine’s desire to operate in the field of maritime transport on the basis of the best international practices, in this article we explored the issues of international standards for the administering ships in port. For example, we analyzed the content of the 1965 Convention on the Facilitation of International Maritime Traffic (FAL Convention). Our attention was drawn to the latest amendments to the Annex of the Convention, adopted in 2016. They contain a list of standards and recommendations (recommended practices) that are directly relevant to the subject of our study. As a result, we found that the new version of the Annex contains a list of novelties, the main of which is the transition of documents to electronic form, which is a positive aspect of the changes made to the Annex of the Convention. At the same time, the list of documents required by the port authorities has been expanded from 8 to 12 units. In addition to such documents as General Declaration, Cargo Declaration, Ship’s Stores Declaration, Crew’s Effects, Crew List, Passengers List, Maritime Declaration of Health, security-related information was added, as well as prior electronic notification of cargo for assessment purposes, customs risks, and the form of prior notification of waste delivery to port reception facilities. Moreover, a section dedicated to ticketless passengers was added. For example, it regulates the issues of their treatment, registration, and the deportation procedure. The article describes the main points concerning the administration and registration of ships in ports under the international standards contained in the Convention and the Annex. As a result, recommendations are given for the direction of further research.