Human rights in a globalized world

universalism or relativism?

Abstract

The processes of world globalization have a significant impact on all spheres of society, in particular on the realization of human rights, which is accompanied by specific collisions and conflict situations at the regional level. In many cases, the limits of the realization of human rights are conditioned by certain socio-cultural characteristics and sustainable traditions that do not correspond to common civilizational values and impede the implementation of international human rights standards in national legal systems. The universal nature of human rights, enshrined in paragraph 5 of the Vienna Declaration and Program on Human Rights Action (1993), provides that all human rights are universal, indivisible,  interdependent and interrelated. The international community must treat human rights in a fair and equitable manner, with due regard for globalization processes, with the same approach and focus. The significance of national and regional specificities and different historical, religious and regardless of their political, economic and cultural systems, have obligations to promote and protect all human rights and basic freedoms. This statement expresses the positions that are essential when considering the human rights situation at the regional level. First, recognizing human rights as universal for the international community means their global character. Secondly, regardless of their political, economic and cultural systems, states have a duty to promote and protect all human rights and freedoms. International standards are intended to eliminate the differences in the realization of human rights and freedoms that are manifested at the global and national levels, and to assert their universal character. Adherence to the traditional values of culture and religion cannot be ignored in contemporary context, as sociocultural diversity has a profound effect on the implementation of international human rights standards in different civilizational spaces. Human rights, which are inherent
in all countries due to their natural properties, are recognized in international instruments as being not subject to any restrictions and deviations, at the same time they are different at the regional level in used approaches. In practice, this results in restrictions and, in some cases, violations that require response from the international community.